Container manufacture



May 23, 1944. w. E. sooY ETAL CONTAINER MANUFACTURE Filed Dec. 18, 1939 "Zmventors' attornegs atented May 23, 1944 Kor -ice con'ramaa MANUFACTURE Walter E. Sooy and Rudolf William von Sydow,

Middletown, Ohio, a'sslgnors, by mesne assignments, to Continental Ca'n Company; Inc., New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application December 18, 1939, Serial No. 309,796

15 Claims.

This invention relates to the formation of tubu-- lar bodies for containers and the like from iibrousmaterial.

It is a principal object of the invention to provide a simple and effective process for forming easily and rapidly a laminated wound tubular body having an inner surfacing liner substantially confined to the exposed inner surface and oi a character eiiectively impervious to the 983- a sage of the contents of the container and having 10 an outer ply adapted to provide additional strength with the plies being united and wound to produce a relatively smooth surface upon which an end member may be secured in ,sealed relation. 9 is It is a further object to provide such a process in which the outer or main body ply is wound from a web in the same direction as that in which it was formed so that the grain oi the web runs in the direction of the periphery of the would 20 tubular body.

It is a still further object to provide a simple and eifective apparatus for carrying out the above objects.

It is also an object to provide a tubular con- 5 tainer body having substantial strength and still-,- ness and formed with a main web convolutely wound in the direction of its formation with two or more plies and having an inner web secured to the main body weband extending over so and substantially limited to the exposed interior oi the formed container body to provide an efiectlvely impervious interior suriacing thereon.

Other objects and advantages will be apparent drawing, and the appended claims.

Inthedrawing- Fig. 11 is a schematic view showing-apparatus for practicing the present invention; v Fig. 2 is a detail elevational view of a portion of the drive mechanism whichprovides for intermittent and timed operation of the feed rolls; and f.

, Fig. 3 is a partial sectional view on an enlarged scalethroughthewall ofacontainerbodyiormed in accordance with the present invention.

This invention has particular application to the formation oi tubular bodies for containers and the like from a jumbo roll of P p r by suitably cutting the p per into'lengths and winding suclrso lengths into the form or convolutecontainer bodies. This is preferably accomplished on a "machine having a rotating mandrel assembly in 7 which individually rotatable mandreis are succes-. 1 sively carried througha series of forming posiso tions in which the several forming operations are throughout the present case for purposes of illustration.

In accordance with the invention means are provided for forming a product consisting of a main body web with a liner web'of shorter length, and united with the main web in predetermined relation so that upon being wound into container form, the liner web completely overlies the main body web and-forms the,inner surfacing for the conta her. This liner is preferably formed of mater l of difierent character from the main web, and such as to afford adequate resistance to the penetration of the contents of the container. .As an example of material which may be satisfactorily utilized, the main body web may consist of the usual paperboard of suitable thickness, color, strength and other characteristics.

with the liner consisting of a superior sheet selectedvto have resistance to the penetration of solvents, water, moisture, oils, grease, etc.. and comprising for example a sheet of parchment paper or other material having the protective inter ior surfacing characteristics desired. Both such materials may be'supplied in the form of Jumbo rolls, and webs fed therefrom in a continuously forward manner and wound in the same direction. Under such circumstances the sheet is wound in the same direction in which its'inltiai m i n-took Place and'hence the grain or the from the following description, the accompanying. 35

in the final product as contrasted with a contamer in which the grain of the sheet runs parallel with the axis of the container.

The forming operation may be carried out in diflerent ways and preferably b theme 0! timedfeeding cut-oi! means coordinatedwith'the winding operation to provide for the bringing together of the body web and the liner web in predetermined relation to each other so that when wound the liner web will occupy the desired location upon the interior of the container and provide for developing the desired protective action upon the inner surface.

Reference israccordingly' made .to the accompanying drawing .which shows schematically a preferred embodiment of the invention and in which the Jumbo roll of paper or paper material for forming the main body web is indicated partially at Hi. This web is unwound from the roll, passing under guide roll II, and through a pair of feed rolls I! which provide for feeding the web forwardlyand are suitably controlled to provide for an intermittent feeding action of proper duration with periods of stoppage between successive feeding operations. The drive for such feed rolls has not been illustrated in detail, as it is shown fully in the above referred to Scusa et a1. patent; in general however it provides for controlled operation of the feed rolls in. the above described manner for the purpose of intermittently feeding I sists of three complete overlying plies of the body web with an additional portion of a ply such as to onset the outer seam from the inner seam.

- a predetermined desired length of web material 7 In front of the feed rolls 12 there is located a cut-off knife l5 which operates with a shearing actionacross the entire width of the web to sever the same into lengths. In order to provide for the timed operationof the cut-off knife duringv periods of stoppage of feeding, the drive therefore is coordinated with the drive for the remainder of the machine, and comprises a sprocket wheel l6 which is driven in correlated relation to the main drive mechanism of the machine, such mechanism not being shown in detail. Sprocket wheel I6 is fastened to a cross shaft ,l'l suitably journalled in the main side frames l8 of the machine and the drive of sprocket wheel I6 is so arranged that shaft l1 makes a complete revolution once during each cycle of.operation of the machine. Fastened to shaft l! is a cam member 20 having a cam track 2| formed upon the face thereof of such contour as to provide for maintaining the knife in raised position during the greater portion of the cycle, and to cause a drop of the knife and a corresponding shearing action at a predetermined point in the cycle. This is accomplished by means of a cam follower 22 traveling in the track 2| which actuates one arm 23 of a bell crank lever pivotally supported at 24.

The other arm 25 of the lever carries a pin 26' adapted to yieldingly engage a socket 26a. formed in lever 21 which is loosely mounted upon shaft 2450 that in the event of abnormal resistance being encountered, the pin 26 will be withdrawn from its driving engagement with lever 21, without damage to the mechanism.

Fastened to lever 21 is a connecting rod which is suitably connected as -shown at 29 to the upper element of the shearing knife [5. This arrangement is such that upon rotation of cam 20, cam follower 22 will be actuated during the major portion of the rotation of the cam in such position as to raise connecting rod -28 to its upper position, where the shearing knife is held out of shearing engagement with the web, to provide for the feeding of the webtherethrough. At a proper point in the cycle, corresponding to the period of stoppage of the feed rolls I2, the connecting rod 28 is actuated downwardly to thereby cause the shearing of the web of paper. The shearing knife is promptly withdrawn from shearing-posibody form take place.

upon initiation of the subsequent feeding cycle these positively driven feed rolls provide for car rying the web forward, and suitable drive con nections are provided for such feed rolls fro themain. drive of the machine in the marine described in the Scusa et al. patent to secure the operation thereof in coordinated relation to the operation of the remaining parts of the machine. If desired the web 30 may be passed through a series of spaced slitter members 34 located at intervals across the width of the web to cause the slitting thereof into a plurality of individuatstrips adapted to form separate container bodies; or if desired this slitting mechanism may be eliminated and a single web supplied forthe formation of only a single elongated container body.

Passing through feed rolls 36, the web is then brought into receiving relation with the grippers 31 carried by a forming mandrel 38. This man drel is preferably mounted in a mandrel assembly indicated generally at 39 comprising a plu' rality of similar forming mandrels adapted to be progressively rotated through a series of forming positions in which the several forming operations incident to the winding of the web into tubular In order to retain the web in wound form, means are provided for adhesively securing the wound body including a reservoir 40 containing a suitable adhesive material in which there rotates an adhesive pickup roll 4| which supplies adhesive to, a transfer roll 42. Such transfer roll 42 is preferably mounted for oscillatory movement and is controlled in relation to the forming operation of the'.machine so that as the web is brought around on the surface of mandrel 38, the transfer roll 42 may be brought into adhesive transferring relation with the web, to transfer adhesive to such portion thereof as desired. g'Usually adhesive is desired to be applied to the leading edge and throughout the remainder of the body of the web to adhesively secure the same-in wound condition and to provide an outer surface carrying adhesive and suitable for securinga label thereon. While this adhesive application r'n'aybe effected upon'the web itself prior to its being wound it is preferred to carry out such operation' while the web is being wound upon'the mandrel substantially as shown.

Following the forming operations with or without the application of a label, the mandrel with the formed tubes thereon is brought into the final or stripping position, in which the formed body or bodies are removed therefrom for further use. Inorder to provide the desired surfacing or liner ply having the desired resistance to penetration of the contents of the container, and to locate the same upon the interior surface of the tubular body in conjunction with the forming operations for the main body part itself, a roll of such surfacing material is indicated at 5. comprising for example a roll of parchment paper or other fibrous or sheet material of approximatehr the same width as the main body web and adapted to produce the desired surface characteristics upon the interior of the container. 'A web I at this material passes over an idler roll I2 and through a feed roll pair 53 which provide for t e forward feeding of the web in controlled and correlated relation to 'the operation of the machine in a manner to bedescribed more in detail. The sheet passes a cut-off knife mechanism indicated at 54, and into contact with an adhesive application roll 55 which is supplied with adhesive by a pick up roll 56 dipping within a reservoir 51 con. taining a suitable adhesive. This application of adhesive may if desired be made across the entire width of the web by utilizing a transfer roll 55 having a uniform cylindrical surface; or the adhesive may be located in transversely spaced strips by means of a transfer roll 55 having grooves thereon to provide for applying separated continuous bands of adhesive to the web where such reduced adhesive application will serve adequately to retain the webs in proper laminated relationship to each other.

The adhesively coated web then passes under one or more guide rolls 58 which may be formed to engage and guide the web of paper in those areas between the adhesive applications. The web 5! is then brought into the nip of the feed rolls 3! where it meets the main body web 36, and is efiectively united therewith under the pressure of the feed rolls to secure a properly laminated product.

It is important to provide for the proper correlated action of the means for cutting and feeding the liner web in relation to the main body web and to provide for feeding the proper length of such web, at a proper rate of feed, and in proper timed relation to the feeding of the main web. This is preferably effected by means of a drive from the shaft ill to assure the definite correlation with the operation of the remainder of the machine. For this purpose the shaft H which rotates continually ata speed corresponding to one revolution per cycle of operation is provided on its outer end with a disk 60 suitably keyed to rotate with the shaft and carrying a crank pin ti thereon. A pitman B2 driven by the crank pin provides for the driving of a ratchet lever t5 which is mounted for free swingingmovement upon a stud M carried by means of an upwardly extending bracket 65 fastened to the main frame member it. Ratchet lever 63 is thus adapted to pivot upon stud Ed in response to the rotation of disk Sill, and at its opposite end carries a piv' otally mounted dog 6b which is adapted to engage in driving relation with a toothed ratchet wheel til. Ratchet wheel 6? is fastened to a shaft 88 suitably journalled in the main frame member l8, and upon its inner face and fastened thereto for rotation therewith is a driving sprocket wheel it. A sprocket chain it passes over the sprocket wheel id and over a sprocket wheel it fastened to and rotatable with one of therolls of the feed roll pair 53. Suitable drive means may be provided as desired for positivel actuat ing the other roll of the pair to provide for simultaneous driving operation for both of the rolls.

With this driving arrangement it will be apparent that a definite rotary movement is imparted to the feed rolls 53 once during each cycle of operation of the machine, and at a predetermined point in such cycle. The degree of such rotary movement may be varied by changing the extent of driving engagement which takes place between the dog 56 and the ratchet teeth 51 by means of an adjustable cover slide 13 which may be varied to expose more or less of the ratchet wheel for driving engagement with the ratchet. Likewise the point in the cycle at which the driving operation commences may be varied by shifting the relation of the disk 60 or the crank pin 6! thereon with respect to its drive shaft l1.

These parts are preferably so adjusted that as the main web 80 advances toward the feed. roll pair 3l,-the liner web H is also advanced forwardly, the feed thereof being initiated at a proper time so that the leading edge of web 5| will meet or if desired precede the leading edge or the main web 30 by a small amount; It is usually found desirable to provide this short leading projection, indicated at 15, of the inner web in relation to the main web. The purpose of such leading edge strip is to provide a portion adapted to overlap upon the trailing end of the inner web 5|, as shown in Fig. 3, making it unnecessary to secure complete precision in the length of the webs, while at the same time assuring the establishment of a completely eiiective interior surfacing of the inner web material. As clearly indicated in Fig. 3, this leading edge portion 'I5.is adapted to overlap and contact the trailing end of the web M to thus provide a limited area of overlap upon itself which is adequate to take care of any variations in the length of the webs and to assure the presence of a complete surfacing of this liner web material upon the interior of the formed body.

With the two webs in the position shown in Fig. l, the feeding action of both webs has stopped, and the severing of the main web is taking place under the action of the shearing means it. It is desired to simultaneously sever the inner web 5i, and for this purpose the connecting rod 28 is provided with an arm to having an elongated slot 8| therein within which there is slidably located a pin 82 carried by one arm 83 of a bell crank lever pivotally mounted at lid. The other arm 85 of the lever is fastened to a connecting rod 86 which is caused to move at right angles to the direction of movement of the main connecting rod 28. The rod db is suitably attached to the movable portion of the shearing knife til by means of link ill, so that upon downward movement of connecting rod it with its resultant shearing action with respect to the main web, a transverse movement of knife means at with a similar shearing action is effected with respect to the liner web ti.

This shearing knife 56 is located at a proper distance from the leading edge of the sheared length of inner web to provide sumcient length of material therein to overlie the entire inner surface of the container body and to form the overlapping portion lie as desired.

Upon the shearing operations as above described t place, and the subsequent forward feeding of both webs under the action of the driven feed rolls ti and 32, the trailing part of the severed web ti will be drawn forwardly past the adhesive applying roll t5 and into adhering contact with the main web it to form the desired laminated sheet. Feeding of a subsequent length oi the main web material is initiated promptly with the beginning of the subsequent cycle of operation. A similar feed of the liner web does not immediately take place. because a shorter length of such web material is desired, for example about one-third the length of the main web. Accordingly initiation of such feeding is delayed until, under the action of the intermittent drive they will perform their desired operations during the passage of the web thereover, and at other times will not rotate unnecessarily. Any excess adhesive supplied by roll 56 during periods of stoppage of roll 55 merely flows back into reservoir 51 and the desired amount of adhesive on roll 55 is maintained thereon by passage through the nip of rolls 55, 56. Likewise the adhesive for laminating the websmay be applied to the main web over that portion which is covered by the liner web.

The winding operations as effected upon the laminated web are preferably carried out in the same manner as with a single sheet, the leading edge 15 being engaged under the grippers, and adhesive to retain the wound plies in place being provided by adhesive roll 42 as previously described. In its wound form the web has substantially the construction as shown in Fig. 3 with its entire interior effectively covered and rendered impervious to the passage of the contents of the container. It will also be noted that the short overlapped portion of the liner sheet is located in predetermined relation with respect to the inner end or seam of the main body web that it is immediately adjacent and substantially abutting the inner edge of such main web. This facilitates smooth winding and there is no sharp change in cross-sectional thickness at any portion of the tubular body, even at the zone where the main and liner webs terminate, and the preferred construction is such that variations in thickness are reduced to substantially a single thickness of material and such variation is not so sharp or abrupt but that the end member may be properly secured and sealed later application of an end member, such as a metal end cap which is crimped over the ends of the body wall and which may be secured in effectively sealed relation thereon without the occurrence of leakage or seepage such as is apt to occur with a tubular body in which there is abrupt change in section. Also as will be clear from the foregoing, the feeding and winding of both webs proceeds at all times in the same forward direction providing for smooth uninterrupted operation and resulting in production of the desired convolutely wound bodies with the grain of the web running in the general direction of the mriphery thereof.

for feeding said liner web into registering posi- While the process, apparatus, and article here- 4 tainer bodies or the like comprising means for feeding forward a main web for a distance equal to the blank length of a container body portion, means for feeding toward said main web a liner web of a length substantially equal to the perimeter of the formed container, means for applying adhesive to be effective only in the overlapping portions of said main web and said liner web to unite said webs together, and means tion with the portion of said main web which forms the container interior to be adhesively secured thereto to provide a protective lining upon the interior of the formed container.

2. Apparatus of the character described for producing multi-wall convolutely wound container bodies or the like comprising means for intermittently feeding forward a main web from a jumbo roll for a distance equal to the blank length of a container body portion, means for intermittently feeding a liner web of material adapted to provide aprotective interior surfacing from a supply roll for a distance substantially equal to the perimeter of the formed container, means operable during periods of stoppage of both webs for severing the fed portions of both said webs, means for applying adhesive to be effective to unite said main web and said liner web, and means for feeding said liner web portions into predetermined relation with the portions of said main web which form the container interiors to be adhesively secured thereto to provide a protective lining upon the interior of the formed container bodies.

3. Apparatus of the character described for producing multi-wall convolutely wound container bodies or the like comprising means for.

intermittently feeding forward a main web from a jumbo roll for a distance equal to the blank length of a container body portion, means for intermittently feeding a, liner web of material adapted to provide a protective interior surfacing from a' supply roll for a distance substantially equal to the perimeter of the formed container, means operable during periods of stoppage of both webs for severing the fed portions of both said webs, means for applying adhesive to be effective to unite said main web and said liner web, and means for feeding said liner web portions into predetermined relation with the portions of said main webwhich form the container interiors to be adhesively secured thereto, and means for thereafter winding said composite webs with said liner web innermost to provide a protective lining upon the interior of the formed container bodies.

4. Apparatus of the character described for forming aconvolute wound container body which comprises means for feeding a main body web of paper material, means for cutting 05 a length of said main body web suflicient to form two or more plies of the wound body, means for feeding ,a liner web of substantially the same Width as the main web and having protective characteristics for the interior surface of the body, means for cutting off a shorter length of the liner web suflicient to form an irmer protective lining upon the wound container body, means for applying the liner web in overlying relation to one surface of said main web, and means for winding the separated lengthsin the direction of the grain of said material and with the liner web innermost and completely overlying the inner surface thereof.

5. Apparatus of the character described for forming a convolute wound container body which comprises means for intermittently feeding a main body web, means for cutting ofi a length of said main body web sufficient to form two or more plies of the wound body, means for intermittently feeding a liner web of substantially the same width as the main web, means for cutting off a shorter length of the liner web sufflcient to form an inner protective lining upon the wound container body, means for operating both said cutting means simultaneously and during periods of stoppage of feed of said webs, means for applying the liner web in overlying relation to one surface of said main web, and means for winding the separated lengths with the liner web innermost and completely overlying the inner. surface thereof.

6. Apparatus of the character described for forming a convolute wound container body which comprises means for feeding a main body web, means for cutting off a length of said main body web suflicient to form two or more plies of the wound body, means for feeding a liner web of substantially the same width as the main web into contact with the main web and with the leading edge thereof projecting forwardly beyond said main web a limited distance, means for cutting ofl a shorter length of the liner web sufficient to form an inner protective lining upon the wound container body, and means for winding the body with the liner web innermost and completely overlying the inner surface thereof and with said projecting edge overlapping upon itself.

7. Apparatus of the character described for.

forming a convolute wound container body which comprises means for intermittently feeding a main body web, meansfor cutting off a length of said main body web suflicient to form two or more plies of the wound body, means for intermittently feeding a liner web of substantially the same width as the main web into contact with the main web and with the leading edge thereof projecting forwardly beyond said main web a limited distance, means for cutting off a shorter length of the liner web sufficient to form an inner protective lining upon the wound container body,

means for operating both said cutting means simultaneously and during periods of stoppage of feed of said webs, and means for winding the body with the liner web innermost and completely overlying the inner surface thereof.

8. The method of forming multi-wall convolutely wound container bodies which comprises the steps of feeding forward a main web'of a length sufiicient to form two or more plies, feeding a liner Web having a protective surfacing of substantially the same width as the main web and of a length shorter than said main web and substantially equal to the perimeter of the formed container plus a short overlap, applying adhesive limited to be efiective between the contacting faces of said main web and said liner 'web to unite said webs, and winding said webs with said liner web into predetermined position with relation to the portion of said main web which forms the container interior to be adhesively secured thereto to provide a protective lining upon the interior of the formed container and with the overlapped portion being located adjacent and substantially abutting the inner edge of the main body web.

9. The method of forming a multi-wall convolute wound container body which comprises the steps of intermittently feeding forward a main web for a distance corresponding to the blank length of a container body portion, intermittently feeding toward said main web a liner web of a length substantially equal to the perimeter of the formed container, cutting said webs concurrently during' periods of stoppage of feed thereof, applying adhesive to be effective to unite said main web and said liner web, and feeding said liner web and said main web into predetermined overlying relation with the liner web located upon the portion of the main web which forms the interior of the container to be adhesively secured thereon and to provide an impervious interior surfacing upon a formed container.

10. The method of forming a convolute wound container body of the character described which comprises feeding -a main body web of paper material, cutting off a length thereof suflicient to form two or more plies of the wound body, feeding a liner web of substantially the same width as the main web and adapted to provide a protective interior surfacing on the wound container body, cutting off a shorter length of the liner web suflicient to form an inner protective lining upon the wound container, applying the liner web in overlying relation to one surface of said main web, and winding the separated lengths in the direction of the grain of said material and with the. liner web innermost and completely overlying the inner surface thereof.

11. The method of forming a convolute wound container body of the character described which comprises intermittently feeding a main body web, cutting off a length thereof suiilcient to form two or more plies of the wound body, inter mittently feeding a liner web of substantially the same width as the main web, cutting off a shorter length of the liner web sumcient to form an inner protective lining upon the wound container, performing said cutting operations simultaneously during periods of stoppage of feeding of said webs, applying the liner web in overlying relation to one surface of said main web, and winding the separated lengths with the liner web innermost and completely overlying the in ner surface thereof.

12. The method of forming a convolute wound container body of the character described which comprises feeding a main body web, cutting off a length thereof suliicient to form two or more plies of the wound body, feeding a liner web into comprises feeding a main body web, cutting off a length thereof suflicient to form two or more plies of the wound body, feeding a liner web into contact with the main web and with the leading edge thereof projecting forwardly beyond said main web a limited distance, cutting ofl a shorter length of the liner web sufficient to form an inner protective lining upon the wound container, and winding the body with the liner web innermost and completely overlying the inner surface thereof.

14. Apparatus of the character described for forming a multi-wall convolute wound container body which comprises means for feeding a main body web of a length sufiicient to form two or more plies, means for feeding a thin liner web having characteristics of resistance to grease or moisture and the like and of substantially the same width as the main web and of a length substantially equal to the perimeter of the formed container plus a shortoverlap into position for extending a short distance beyond the leading end of the main body web, means for applying adhesive to be effective upon the outer surface of said liner web to retain the body in wound form, and means for winding the body and liner webs with the liner web innermost and completely overlying the inner surface of the body thus formed and overlapping itself fiatwise for a limited distance close beside and beyond the inner end of the main body Web with the overlapped end edge of the liner web substantially abutting said main body web inner end.

15. The method of forming a multi-wall convolute wound container body which comprises the steps of feeding forward a main web for a distance corresponding to the blank length of a container body portion, feeding toward said main web a liner web of a width substantially equal to that of the main web and'of a thickness no reater than [half the thickness of the main web and of a length substantially equal to the perimeter of the formed container plus a slight overlap, applying adhesive limited to be en'ectlve between the contacting faces of said main web and said liner web to unite said'webs, and winding said webs with said liner web and said main web in predetermined overlying relation with the liner web located upon and extending slightly beyond the portion of the main web which forms the interior of the container to be adhesively secured thereon and to provide an impervious interior surfacing upon the formed containerv and with the liner web ends overlapping beside and beyond the inner end of the main web whereby the maximum variation in thickness of said wound body will not exceed the thickness of a single ply of said main web.

WALTER E. SOOY. RUDOLF WILLIAM von SYDOW. 

